Industry and Audience
Les Revenants breaks the rules of horror conventions.
Hyperreality is a representation that scenes more real that what it is actually representing.
The trailer is nothing like the TV show.
The producer has low expectations on the English target audience.
The lack of a protagonist makes the show highly subversive.
Camille can be argued to be an antagonist as the music anchors the audiences into thinking she is evil. Typical horror music.
Canal+ has similarities to channel 4 in the means of branching out.
Canal+ has similarities to HBO as it is a subscription based channel.
Targeting a cult audience.
The budget came from a commission to advertise tourism in the French Alps.
Potential for tourism.
Sold worldwide (Subtitled).
Pre existing fans of Mogwai will most likely watch this show.
(film industry, newspapers, radio, videogames, television, magazines, online media)
• 'Regulation' refers to the rules and restrictions that every media industry has to follow. For example the UK film industry must use the BBFC's age certifications, and television must adhere to OFCOM's regulations
• There is a struggle in recent UK regulation policy between the need to further the interests of citizens (by offering protection from harmful or offensive material), and the need to further the interests of consumers (by ensuring choice, value for money, and market competition)
• The increasing power of global media corporations, together with the rise of convergent media technologies and developments in the production, distribution and marketing of digital media have placed traditional approaches to media regulation at risk.
• Online media production, distribution and circulation in particular often allows producers to completely ignore media regulations
Key work - Media Regulation: Governance and the interests of citizens and consumers
is it possible for a TV programme to simultaneously target both mass and specialised audiences?
PNO:
Preferred
Negotiated
Oppostional
(advertising, newspapers, radio, videogames, television, magazines)
• To watch/read/play/listen to/consume a media product is a process involving encoding by producers and decoding by audiences
• There are millions of possible responses that can be affected through factors such as upbringing, cultural capital, ethnicity, age, social class, and so on
• Hall narrowed this down to three ways in which messages and meanings may be decoded:
• The preferred reading - the dominant-hegemonic position, where the audience understands and accepts the ideology of the producer
• The negotiated reading - where the ideological implications of producer’s message is agreed with in general, although the message is negotiated or picked apart by the audience, and they may disagree with certain aspects
• The oppositional reading - where the producer’s message is understood, but the audience disagrees with the ideological perspective in every respect
Key work - Stuart Hall: Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies
(advertising, music videos, magazines, online media)
• Audiences are not passive, and media products allow the audience to construct their own identities
• Audiences can pick and mix which ideologies suit them, and completely ignore the elements of the product which they do not agree with in a process of negotiation similar to the one suggested by Stuart Hall
Key work - Media, Gender and Identity: An Introduction
Simon and Lena/ Simon and Adele scene:
"This scene provokes many polysemic views"
Hyperreality is a representation that scenes more real that what it is actually representing.
The trailer is nothing like the TV show.
The producer has low expectations on the English target audience.
The lack of a protagonist makes the show highly subversive.
Camille can be argued to be an antagonist as the music anchors the audiences into thinking she is evil. Typical horror music.
Canal+ has similarities to channel 4 in the means of branching out.
Canal+ has similarities to HBO as it is a subscription based channel.
Targeting a cult audience.
The budget came from a commission to advertise tourism in the French Alps.
Potential for tourism.
Sold worldwide (Subtitled).
Pre existing fans of Mogwai will most likely watch this show.
Audience Negotiation
"How does the TV industry address the needs of mass and specialised audiences through targeting?"
Arguably there is no existence of mass audience.
13 - Regulation - Sonia Livingstone and Peter Lunt
(film industry, newspapers, radio, videogames, television, magazines, online media)
• 'Regulation' refers to the rules and restrictions that every media industry has to follow. For example the UK film industry must use the BBFC's age certifications, and television must adhere to OFCOM's regulations
• There is a struggle in recent UK regulation policy between the need to further the interests of citizens (by offering protection from harmful or offensive material), and the need to further the interests of consumers (by ensuring choice, value for money, and market competition)
• The increasing power of global media corporations, together with the rise of convergent media technologies and developments in the production, distribution and marketing of digital media have placed traditional approaches to media regulation at risk.
• Online media production, distribution and circulation in particular often allows producers to completely ignore media regulations
Key work - Media Regulation: Governance and the interests of citizens and consumers
The regulatory body of French TV is CSA (The Conseil supérieur de l'audiovisuel)
PNO:
Preferred
Negotiated
Oppostional
17 - Reception theory - Stuart Hall
(advertising, newspapers, radio, videogames, television, magazines)
• To watch/read/play/listen to/consume a media product is a process involving encoding by producers and decoding by audiences
• There are millions of possible responses that can be affected through factors such as upbringing, cultural capital, ethnicity, age, social class, and so on
• Hall narrowed this down to three ways in which messages and meanings may be decoded:
• The preferred reading - the dominant-hegemonic position, where the audience understands and accepts the ideology of the producer
• The negotiated reading - where the ideological implications of producer’s message is agreed with in general, although the message is negotiated or picked apart by the audience, and they may disagree with certain aspects
• The oppositional reading - where the producer’s message is understood, but the audience disagrees with the ideological perspective in every respect
Key work - Stuart Hall: Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies
7 - Theories of identity (Pick and Mix theory) - David Gauntlett
(advertising, music videos, magazines, online media)
• Audiences are not passive, and media products allow the audience to construct their own identities
• Audiences can pick and mix which ideologies suit them, and completely ignore the elements of the product which they do not agree with in a process of negotiation similar to the one suggested by Stuart Hall
Key work - Media, Gender and Identity: An Introduction
Simon and Lena/ Simon and Adele scene:
"This scene provokes many polysemic views"
Love:
Intellectual: It deals with an interesting aspect of reunion of a relationship in a bizarre situation.
Loves the intensity of Simon and Adele's relationship.
Enjoyment of the cliched yet effective horror conventions of Simon at the window.
Enjoy the subversion of established horror conventions.
Binary Opposition of Adele wearing all white to represent life and Simon wearing black signifying death. Connotations of marriage and symbolic to their relationship.
Emotional: I feel sorry for Simon and Adele and hope Simon gets to explain his side of the story.
Hate:
Intellectual: The reaction from Adele was really over dramatic and she jumped to a conclusion that he was in her mind.
The build up was slow for quite a anti climatic scene.
Disliked the cliched aspects of Mise-en-scene such as the mirror and shouting at the door.
The slow paced narrative and insistence on using character archetypes is boring.
Emotional: It's traumatising to watch because it's hurtful to see Adele in such distress as Simon was immediately very aggressive. Fulfilling the stereotype of a controlling husband.
Simon is being very ignorant and "dickhead".
"Simon/Adele/Lena are so hot"
Not every theory is perfect. There are massive issues with theories.
Stuart Hall assumes every producer wants a preferred reading.
Les Revenants is deliberately a polysemic show and doesn't want
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